Software Testing – Definition, Types, Methods



Software Test Types:

Manual testing: manual testing is the process of checking the software manually to find the defects. Tester should have the perspective of end users and ensure that all functions work as mentioned in the requirement document. The testers execute the test cases and generate the reports manually, without automation tools.
Automation testing: automation testing is the process of testing the software with an automation tool, to find the defects. Testers execute the test scripts and automatically generate the test results with automation tools. Some of the famous automation test tools for functional testing are QTP/UFT and selenium.


Test method:
1. Static Test
2. Dynamic Tests
Static Tests: it is also known as checking in Software Tests. Verification is a static method for verifying documents and files. Verification is the process to ensure that, whether we build the product correctly, i.e., to verify the requirements that we have to check whether we are developing the product accordingly or not.
Dynamic Tests: it is also known as validation in Software Tests. Validation is a dynamic process for testing the real product. Validation is the process of whether we create the right product, ie validate the product that we have developed is correct or not.
Activities that are involved in testing the software application
Testing Approaches:
1. White Box Test
2. Black-Box Testing
3. Gray Box Testing


White Box Testing: it is also called glass box, Clear Box, structural Tests. White box Tests use an internal perspective of the system and programming skills to design test cases. This check is usually carried out at unit level.


Black Box Testing: it is also called Behavioral / specification-based / Input-Output Tests. Black Box Testing is a software test method in which testers evaluate the functionality of the tested software without paying attention to the internal code structure.


Grey Box Testing: Grey box is the combination of White Box and Black Box Testing. The tester working on this type of test must have access to design documents. This helps to create better test cases in this process.


Test Levels:
1. Unit tests
2. Integration tests
3. System tests
4. Acceptance testing
Unit Testing: Unit Tests are performed to verify that the individual modules of the source code are working properly. That is, test each unit of the application separately by the developer in the developer environment. It AKA module examination or partial examination is


Integration Testing: Integration Testing is the process of testing connectivity or data transfer between a pair of unit tested modules. It is AKA I&T-Tests or String Tests. It is divided in a Top-down approach, Bottom-Up approach Sandwich approach (combination of Top-Down and Bottom-Up).


System Testing (end to end test): it is a black box test. The testing of the fully integrated application, this will also test as an end-to-end scenario. To ensure that the software works in all intended target systems. Check thorough examination of each input in the application to check desired outputs. Testing the user's experience with the application.


Acceptance Testing: to receive customer logoff so that software can be delivered and payments can be received. Types of acceptance tests are Alpha, Beta and Gamma Tests.


Types of Black Box Tests:
1. Function tests
2. Non-Functional Testing



Functional tests: in simple terms, what the system actually does is functional tests. To verify that each function of the software application behaves as specified in the request document. Test all functionalities by entering them to verify whether the actual output matches the expected output or not. It falls within the range of black box Tests and the testers do not have to worry about the source code of the application.


Non-functional Tests: in simple terms, how well the system performs is non-functional tests. It refers to various aspects of software such as performance, stress, stress, scalability, security, compatibility etc., emphasis is on improving the user experience, how quickly the system responds to a request.


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